Overview

Ofloxacin is a quinolone antibiotic used for treating certain kinds of bacterial infections. Ornidazole is a Nitroimidazole which is an antibacterial and antiprotozoal drug used to treat anaerobic enteric protozoa

Indications

• GIT infections
• Acute diarrhoea of mixed origin
• Dental infections
• Gynecological infections
• ENT infections
• Skin & soft tissue infections
• Surgical infections

Pharmacodynamics

Ofloxacin is a quinolone/fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Ofloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase, which allows the untwisting required to replicate one DNA double helix into two. Notably the drug has 100 times higher affinity for bacterial DNA gyrase than for mammalian. Ofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Ornidazole is a nitro imidazole which has broad spectrum cidal activity against Protozoa and some anaerobic bacteria. Its selective toxicity to anaerobic microbes involves 1. Drug enters the cell by diffusion, 2. Nitro group of drug is reduced by redox proteins present only in anaerobic organisms to reactive nitro radical which excerts cytotoxic action by damaging DNA and other critical biomolecules. 3. DNA helix destabilization &strand breakage has been observed.

Pharmacokinetics

Ofloxacin:

Absorption: Bioavailability of ofloxacin in the tablet formulation is approximately 98%
Protein binding: 32%
Metabolism: Hepatic
Route of elimination: Elimination is mainly by renal excretion. Between 65% and 80% of an administered oral dose of ofloxacin is excreted unchanged via the kidneys within 48 hours of dosing. Four to eight percent of an ofloxacin dose is excreted in the feces. This indicates a small degree of biliary excretion of ofloxacin.

Ornidazole:

Absorption: Well absorbed orally, Distribution: Widely distributed,
Metabolism: Metabolized in liver by conjugation, Excretion: Excreted in urine and small portion is excreted in bile.

Side Effects

• Abdominal pain
• Vertigo
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Fatigue
• Dry mouth
• Headache
• Rash

Pregnant and lactating women

Pregnant and lactating women should take this medication only under the prescription of the physician